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RES. SERV., WORK REQUIREMENTS, TIME LIMITS, AND WORK INCENTIVES IN TANF, SNAP, AND HOUSING ASSISTANCE 4 (2014). *Rule 15.9(c) notes that "ebooks should cited only if they are the sole media through which the book is available." Cite first to print book versions, if available. ISMATU ROPI, RELIGION AND REGULATION IN INDONESIA 17 (2017) (ebook). GUSTAFSON, CHEATING WELFARE: PUBLIC ASSISTANCE AND THE CRIMINALIZATION OF POVERTY 1 (2011). *While large capitals are used in these examples, Rule 15 calls for use of both large and small capitals, as noted above.

Rule 15.10 covers the use of id. and supra when referring to already-cited books and other nonperiodic materials.īelow are examples of citations to commonly cited types of nonperiodic materials.

Rule 15.8 covers "Special Citation Forms" for frequently-cited or well-known works, such as: Black's Law Dictionary, American Jurisprudence, The Federalist Papers, the Bible, and others.

Rules 15.1 and 15.3 specify that book titles and author names (both individual and institutional) should be in large and small capitals.

If materials are available both in print and in a commercial database, their database version may be cited.

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Rule 15.9 governs how to cite to online books and nonperiodic materials, including ebooks and materials in commercial databases. Find DOIs from print publications or ones that go to dead links with doi.org's "Resolve a DOI" function, available on the site's home page.ĪPA 7 also advises writers to include a DOI (if available), even when using the print source.Rule 15 covers books, treatises, encyclopedias, reports, white papers, dictionaries, and all other "nonperiodic materials" (meaning they are not continuously published, such as newspapers or law journals).

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Note also that some online bibliographies provide an article's DOI but may "hide" the code under a button which may read "Article" or may be an abbreviation of a vendor's name like "CrossRef" or "PubMed." This button will usually lead the user to the full article which will include the DOI. Many-but not all-publishers will provide an article's DOI on the first page of the document. They are unique to their documents and consist of a long alphanumeric code. DOIs are an attempt to provide stable, long-lasting links for online articles. Please note: Because online materials can potentially change URLs, APA recommends providing a Digital Object Identifier (DOI), when it is available, as opposed to the URL. Online Scholarly Journal Article: Citing DOIs

Access the archived version by clicking "View History," then clicking the date/timestamp of the version you'd like to cite.

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Note also that the manual recommends linking to the archived version of the page, rather than the current version of the page on the site, since the latter can change over time. For this reason, the date refers to the date that the cited version of the page was published.

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Wikipedia articles often update frequently. If the page names an individual author, cite their name first: For a complete list of how to cite electronic sources, please refer to the 7 th edition of the APA Publication Manual.

Please note: the following contains a list of the most commonly cited electronic sources. Including the retrieval date for these sources indicates to readers that the version of the work they retrieve may be different than what was originally used. Additionally, APA 7 th edition no longer requires the use of “Retrieved from” before URLs or DOIs special exceptions, however, are made for resources that are unarchived. by by Columbia Law Review (Compiler), Harvard Law Review (Compiler), University of Pennsylvania.

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Generations of law students, lawyers, scholars, judges and other legal. EPUB & PDF Ebook The Bluebook: A Uniform System of Citation, 20th Edition EBOOK ONLINE DOWNLOAD. The Bluebook is compiled by the Harvard Law Review Association, the University of Pennsylvania Law Review and the Yale Law Journal. If the month and date are not available, use the year of publication. The Bluebook: A Uniform System of Citation, prescribes the most commonly used legal citation system for law professionals in the United States. When possible, include the year, month, and date in references. APA style dictates that brackets should directly surround their content without spaces (e.g., should look like this). Important Note: Some electronic citations necessitate the use of brackets. The equivalent resource for the older APA 6 style can be found here. Note: This page reflects the latest version of the APA Publication Manual (i.e., APA 7), which released in October 2019.